The main components of centrifugal pump are suction chamber, impeller and pressure chamber. The suction chamber is located in front of the inlet of the impeller and acts as a guide to the impeller. The water pressure chamber has three main forms: the spiral pressure chamber (volute type), the guide vane and the spatial guide vane. The impeller is the most important working component of the pump. The heart of a flow-through component, the impeller consists of a cover plate and impeller blades.
Before the centrifugal pump works, fill the pump with liquid, then start the centrifugal pump. The impeller rotates rapidly. The impeller drives the liquid to rotate. When the liquid rotates, it flows to the outer edge of the impeller, and the impeller absorbs the liquid from the suction chamber. In this process, the liquid in the impeller moves around the blade and the liquid acts as a lift on the blade, and in turn, the blade acts on the liquid with a force equal to the lift in the opposite direction, which works on the liquid. When the liquid gets energy and flows out of the impeller, the kinetic energy and pressure energy of the liquid increase.
The centrifugal pump transfers the mechanical energy of the prime mover to the liquid by the action of the rotating impeller on the liquid. As the acting liquid of the centrifugal pump flows from the inlet of the impeller to the outlet, its velocity energy and pressure energy are both increased. The liquid discharged by the impeller passes through the chamber, and most of the velocity energy is converted into pressure energy, which is then transported along the discharge line. At this point, the inlet of the impeller forms a vacuum or low pressure due to the discharge of the liquid, and the liquid in the suction pool is pressed into the inlet of the impeller under the action of the liquid level pressure (atmospheric pressure), so the rotating impeller continuously inhales and discharges the liquid.
